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The Bangko
Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) is the central bank of the Republic of the
Philippines. It was re-chartered on July 3, 1993, pursuant to the provision
of the 1987 Philippine Constitution and the New Central Bank Act of 1993.
The BSP was established on January 3, 1949, as the country’s central
monetary authority. The powers and function of Bangko Sentral are exercised
by its Monetary Board, whose seven members are appointed by the President of
the Philippines. |
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As provided
for by the New Central Bank Act, one of the government sector members of the
Monetary Board must also be a member of the President's Cabinet. Members of
the Monetary Board are prohibited from holding certain positions in other
government agencies and private institutions that may give rise to conflicts
of interest.
Being the central bank of the country, Bangko Sentral has been entrusted
with the responsibility to formulate and conduct monetary and credit policy
in a manner consistent with the Government’s targets for growth and
inflation control. |
As prescribed by the New Central Bank Act, the main functions of the Bangko
Sentral are:
• Liquidity Management, by formulating and implementing monetary policy
aimed at influencing money supply, consistent with its primary objective to
maintain price stability,
• Currency issue; the BSP has the exclusive power to issue the national
currency. All notes and coins issued by the BSP are fully guaranteed by the
Government and are considered legal tender for all private and public debts,
• Lender of last resort, by extending discounts, loans and advances to
banking institutions for liquidity purposes,
• Financial Supervision, by supervising banks and exercising regulatory
powers over non-bank institutions performing quasi-banking functions,
• Management of foreign currency reserves, by maintaining sufficient
international reserves to meet any foreseeable net demands for foreign
currencies in order to preserve the international stability and
convertibility of the Philippine peso,
• Determination of exchange rate policy, by determining the exchange rate
policy of the Philippines. Currently, the BSP adheres to a market-oriented
foreign exchange rate policy,
• Being the banker, financial advisor and official depository of the
Government, its political subdivisions and instrumentalities and GOCCs and
• Be reasonably responsible for the faults of the people behind it get the
blame of the opposition to which it is grouped.
The Bangko Sentral has
supervision over the operations of banks and exercises such regulatory
powers as provided in the New Central Bank Act and other pertinent laws over
the operations of finance companies and non-bank financial institutions
performing quasi-banking functions. |